simple present tense

Simple Present Tense of regular and irregular verbs

 The simple present tense in English is used to describe an action that is happening  now  and it is regular, true or normal.
                               AFFIRMATIVE PRESENT TENSE

                                       First ruler.-

We form the affirmative  present tense (p+)  using the base form of the verb, but  we add 'S' in the third person (he, she, it)  .for example:

word order

subject	Verb -s
He/she/it	helps

AFFIRMATIVE PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  AFIRMATIVO (P+)
I help	Yo ayudo
You help	Tú ayudas/usted ayuda
He helps*	El ayuda
She helps	Ella ayuda
It helps	ayuda
We help	Nosotros/as ayudamos
You help	Ustedes ayudan
They help	Ellos ayudan

*we ad dan “S” in third person (he,she, it)

 

AFFIRMATIVE PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  AFIRMATIVO (P+)
I like	me gusta
You like	Te gusta
He likes*	le gusta (a el)
She likes	le gusta ( a ella)
It likes	le gusta (a un animal)
We like	nos gusta
You like	les gusta ( a ustedes)
Theylike	les gusta (a ellos/a ellas )

  Second ruler.-

For verbs that end in a consonant + "Y", we change this "Y" by "I"  and add -ES. in the third person (he, she,it) for example

word order

subject	Verb -ies
He/She/it	cries

AFFIRMATIVE PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  AFIRMATIVO (P+)
I cry	Yo lloro
You cry	Tú lloras/usted llora
He cries	El llora
She cries	Ella llora
It cries	llora
We cry	Nosotros/as lloramos
You cry	Ustedes lloran
They cry	Ellos/ellas  lloran

 

AFFIRMATIVE PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  AFIRMATIVO (P+)
I study	Yo estudio
You study	Tú estudias/usted estudia
He studies	El estudia
She studies	Ella estudia
It studies	estudia
We study	Nosotros/as estudiamos
You study	Ustedes estudian
They study	Ellos/ellas estudian

 

  Third ruler.-

For verbs that end in a vowel  + "Y", we add -S. in the thir person (he, she, it) for example

word order

subject	Verb -s
He/She/it	plays

AFFIRMATIVE PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  AFIRMATIVO (P+)
I play	Yojuego
You play	Tú juegas/usted juega
He plays	El juega
She plays	Ella juega
It plays	juega
We play	Nosotros/as  jugamos
You play	Ustedes  juegan
They play	Ellos/ellas  juegan

AFFIRMATIVE PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  AFIRMATIVO (P+)
I say	Yo digo
You say	Tú  dices/usted dice
He says	El dice
She says	Ella dice
It says	dice
We say	Nosotros/as   decimos
You say	Ustedes dicen
They say	Ellos/ellas   dicen

  Fourth  ruler.-

For verbs that end in -O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, or -Z we add -ES in the third person. for example:

word order

subject	Verb -es
He/She/it	goes

AFFIRMATIVE PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  AFIRMATIVO (P+)
I go	Yo voy
You go	Tú  vas/usted va
He goes	El va
She goes	Ella va
It goes	va
We go	Nosotros/as vamos
You go	Ustedes  van
They go	Ellos/ellas  van

AFFIRMATIVE PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  AFIRMATIVO (P+)
I  wash	Yo lavo
You  wash	Tú   lavas/usted  lava
He  washes	El lava
She  washes	Ella lava
It  washes	lava
We wash	Nosotros/as lavamos
You  wash	Ustedes  lavan
They  wash	Ellos/ellas  lavan

AFFIRMATIVE PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  AFIRMATIVO (P+)
I  fix	Yo arreglo
You  fix	Tú  arreglas/usted arregla
He fixes	El arregla
She fixes	Ella arregla
It fixes	arregla
We fix	Nosotros/as   arreglamos
You  fix	Ustedes arreglan
They  fix	Ellos/ellas  arreglan

                                               homework
add "S" , "ES" or "IES" to the following verbs, use the rulers learned, there is an example to help you.

• marry  - marries
• catch
• kiss 
• love
• buzz  
• enjoy
• pay
• try
• pray 
• worry
• leave
• invent
• create
• prefer
• sing
• read
• write
• lay
• find
• know
• listen
• fill
• check 
• speak
• work

 NEGATIVE  PRESENT TENSE

To conjugate a verb in negative present tense   we normally use Don't or Doesn't with all verbs EXCEPT To Be and Modal verbs (can, might, should etc.).

• Affirmative: You speak French.
  Negative: You don't speak French.

You will see that we add don't between the subject and the verb. We use Don't when the subject is I, you, we or they.

• Affirmative: He speaks German.
  Negative: He doesn't speak German.

When the subject is he, she or it, we add doesn't between the subject and the verb to make a negative present tense.Notice that the letter S at the end of the verb in the affirmative sentence (because it is in third person) disappears in the negative sentence. We will see the reason why below.

Negative Contractions

Don't = Do not
Doesn't = Does not
I don't like  wine = I do not like wine

 word order

subject	auxiliary	verb
I/you/we/they	Don´t	play
He/She/it	Doesn´t	play

NEGATIVE  PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  NEGATIVO (P-)
I   don´t play	Yo no juego
You don´t play	Tú no juegas /usted no juega
He doesn´t play	El no juega
She doesn´t play	Ella no juega
It  doesn´t play	No juega
We don´t play	Nosotros/as  no jugamos
You don´t play	Ustedes  no juegan
They don´t play	Ellos/ellas  no juegan

  the verb doesn´t have an "S"

NEGATIVE PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  NEGATIVO (P-)
I  don´t go	Yo no voy
You don´t go	Tú no vas/usted no va
He doesn´t go	El no va
She doesn´t go	Ella no va
It doesn´t  go	no va
We don´t go	Nosotros/as  no  vamos
You don´t go	Ustedes no   van
They don´t go	Ellos/ellas  no van

NEGATIVE  PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE  NEGATIVO (P-)
I don´t study	Yo no estudio
You don´t study	Tú no estudias/usted no estudia
He doesn´t study	El no estudia
She doesn´t study	Ella no  estudia
It doesn´t study	no estudia
We don´t study	Nosotros/as no estudiamos
You don´t study	Ustedes no estudian
They don´t study	Ellos/ellas nestudian

homework
fill in the blank with the auxiliary "DON´T" or "DOESN´T" in yhe following sentences

I _______  like to chat with unknown people.
He_________ wash his hands.
Charly ________ pray at night.
Mary, John and I ______ go to the party.
My father _________ speak English
they_______ play tennis.
we _________visit to our grandparents.
you________ do the homework
She ________ cry for food.
it ________ work .

INTERROGATIVE   PRESENT TENSE
 
To make a question in English we normally use Do or Does. It has no translation in Spanish though it is essential to show we are making a question. It is normally put at the beginning of the question.

• Affirmative: You speak English.
  Question: Do you speak English?

You will see that we add DO at the beginning of the affirmative sentence to make it a question. We use Do when the subject is I, you, we or they.

• Affirmative: He speaks French.
  Question: Does he speak French?

When the subject is he, she or it, we add DOES at the beginning to make the affirmative sentence a question. Notice that the letter S at the end of the verb in the affirmative sentence (because it is in third person) disappears in the question. We will see the reason why below.
We DON'T use Do or Does in questions that have the verb To Be or Modal Verbs (can, must, might, should etc.)

 word order

auxiliary	subject	verb  ?
Do	I/you/we/they	play  ?
Does	He/She/it	play   ?

INTERROGATIVE   PRESENT TENSE	TIEMPO PRESENTE INTERROGATIVO (P?)
Do I  play?	¿Juego yo?
Do you  play?	¿Juegas tu? ¿juega usted?
Does He  play?	¿juega el?
Does  She  play?	¿juega ella?
Does it play?	¿juega?
Do we play?	¿jugamos nosotros/as?
Do you play?	¿juegan ustedes?
Do they play?	¿juegan ellos/ellas?

AFFIRMATIVE   SHORT ANSWER IN PRESENT TENSE

In English is common to use a short answer and this is aproppiate for all the verbs regular
and irregular but in the conjugation of verb TO BE and Modal verbs don´t  use it.

word order

Yes,	subject	Auxiliary verb
Yes,	I/you/we/they	do
Yes,	He/She/it	does

Short affirmative answers	Respuestas cortas afirmativas (A//+)
Yes,I do	Si, yo si
Yes, you do	Si, tu/usted si
Yes, he does	Si, el si
Yes, she does	Si, ella si
Yes, it does	Si, si
Yes, we do	Si, nosotros/as  si
Yes,you do	Si, ustedes si
Yes, they do	Si, ellos/as   si

esta respuesta se utiliza en todos los verbos menos en el verbo TO BE y Modal Verbs (can, must, might, should etc.)

NEGATIVE     SHORT ANSWER IN PRESENT TENSE

word order

No,	subject	Auxiliary verb
no,	I/you/we/they	don´t
no,	He/She/it	doesn´t

Short negative answers	Respuestas cortas negativas (A//-)
No,I don´t	no, yo no
No, you don´t	no, tu/usted no
No, he doesn´t	no, el no
No, she doesn´t	No, ella no
No, it doesn´t	No, no
No, we don´t	No, nosotros/as  no
No,you don´t	No, ustedes no
No, they don´t	No, ellos/as   no

                                               homework

change the following sentence into:

1.-
p+    Betty washes her hands before to have dinner.
p-
p?
A//+ yes, She does.
A//- 



 2.-
P+      We go to the movie with our friends.
 p-
p?
A//+
A//-


 3.-
P+      I like chocolate ice-cream
 p-
p?
A//+
A//-
 
 

 4.-
P+    He cries all night long.
 p-
p?
A//+
A//-


 5.-
P+      John, Sam and I study together  for the English test.
 p-
p?
A//+
A//-
 
 Conjugate the verb         try    in present tense